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@einen taten getint @frn IMPROVEMENT IN MECHANICAL MOVEMENIl POB. OPERATING GHURNS, Gre.

sPEC:' IZFzECnTION' T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: l

Be it known that I, JOHN I. NICHOLS, of NewRichmond, in Clermont county, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Device for Operating Churns; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and

exact description thereof,- reference being had to the accompanying drawing, through letters of reference` marked thereon, forming part of this specification, and which represents a front elevation of my machine, the iront pillars of the fname being omitted in order to show the operating device more clearly. i

My invention consists in a novel arrangement of levers and connecting links or rods, in combination with a ratchet-wheeloperated by a weight or spring, in such a manner that the alternate vibrations of the two independent pallets, caused by the rotation of the ratchet-wheel, communicate a direct reciprocating motion. to` the dasher of the churn. Y j

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my invention, I will describe its construction and operation by referring to the drawing.

A represents the frame 'for the support of my mechanism, which may` consist of a rectangular horizontal frame for the base, with a pillar erected at each corner, which arie connected at their upper ends by horizontal timbers from 4one to the other, or it may be constructed in any etherV more convenient manner, as circumstances may indicate. One side of the frame is enclosed with boards, 3,01? provided with cross-bars in suitable positions to receive the fulcra of the several levers and pallets, which will bc hereinafter more'fully explained. On the upper timbers of the frame, A,at'front and back, are provided suitable bearings to receive the journals at each end of thc roller, C, andwithin the journal at the rear-end of the roller is a ratchet-wheel,

D, so fitted 'that it will revolve around the roller. In front of the wheel D is another ratchet-wheel, E, firmly attached to the roller; and to the 'face of the wheel, D, is attached a pawl, a, and spring, c,which presses the.

pawl into the-teeth of the wheel, E, and locks the two wheels together, so that when the roller is turnedfin thc direction of the arrow it will carry with it the wheel D, whilst it will be free to turn alone in the opposite direction by the slipping of the pawl over the ratchet teeth, so that the rope, d, or spring, as the case may bc, can be wound upon the roller without rotating the wheel, D. On two opposite sides of the ratchet-wheel, D, are arranged tangentially to its periphery the levers, F F', having their fulcra on pivots, z' z", attached to `the boards 4or'irame B; the inner ends of these levers form flat pallets which ride the projections on -the wheel, D, and to the outer ends are jointed the rods or links G G',.thc lower ends of which are connectedwithV the outer ends of the levers I-I II, which have their fulcra at n n', also attached to the board or frame, I3; and the inner ends of the levers, H H7, are coupled together by a shackle, S. :.lhc end of the lever, H, maybe extended beyond its connection withfthe shackle, S, anydesired distance, to give the required amount of'1notion, and is there connected by a Pitman', T, with the upper end of the stem, o, of the churndasher. `Immediatelybeneaththis connection is` a cross-head, J, attached to the stem, o, working in suitable guides to insureits parallel motion` v The operation of the machine willv be as follows: The spring orweight', W,` beingwound up by turning the roller in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow, by means of the arms, m, or other suitabledevice,

the machine is then put in motion bythe running down, of the weight, which rotates' the `wheel D, and causes the` levers F F to vibrate, which bein g acted on alternately by the projections on the said wheel, communicate, thrugh` i their connections, with the levers H H a positive reciprocating motion to the dasher of the churn, the one depressing, the other elevating it alternately.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-` The arrangement and combination of the pallet levers F F', levers H H, and their connections G G', S,

and T, with the ratchet-wheel D, and the dasher of a churn, operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JOHN NICHOLS. i

- Witnesses:

J WMOBEHEAD, W. Monnrs Sunil," 

